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Pabitra Hriday Patra , Samiran Bandyopadhyay , Manik Chandra Bandyopadhyay , Tapan Kumar Mandal

Abstract

The study investigated the immunotoxic and genotoxic effect of arsenic and its different species on goats. It was found that arsenic causes haematological crisis. Histopathological changes in spleen and reduced serum immunoglobulin G level without any changes in formazan production in arsenic‑treated animals indicated that arsenic is toxic to the humoral immune system. Increased caspase‑3 production and higher number of TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‑mediated dUTP nick‑end labelling)‑positive bone marrow cells along with oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation on agarose gel suggested apoptosis induction by arsenic in the bone marrow cells of goat. Total arsenic concentration in the plasma, bone marrow, and spleen of the exposed group was, respectively, 1.22 ± 0.11, 2.20 ± 0.21, and 3.39 ± 0.14 ppm. Speciation study revealed that arsenite and organoarsenic were the major arsenic species in these samples, suggesting their role in immunotoxic and genotoxic potential in goats.

Keywords

Apoptosis, arsenic species, goat, immunotoxicity

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Akhilesh Mishra , Uaday Sankar Chatterjee , Tapan Kumar Mandal

Abstract

Cisplatin was administered at the dose rate of 30 mg m‑2 daily intravenously consecutive for 7 days in goats. Blood samples (2 ml) were collected from each goat at ‘0’ hr and then at weekly interval and centrifuged immediately at 3000 rpm for 20 min to separate plasma, which were used for estimation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), plasma creatinine (CRT), gamma glutamyltransferase (γGT), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Total volume of urine of each goat was recorded, and 5 ml of urine samples were collected for estimation of GFR. Blood urea nitrogen started to increase significantly from 7 days post‑dosing and achieved a peak on day 14. Higher values persisted up to 91 days. Plasma creatinine level was significantly higher in all samples on day 7 onwards, and it was maintained up to day 91 post‑dosing compared to control samples (‘0’ day) whilst GFR declined significantly from day 7 and attained a minimum values on day 70. GFR was almost <60% up to 91 days. The signs like emaciation, loss of body weight, and oliguria were observed. The values of all 4 biomarkers showed a chronic renal failure in goats.

Keywords

Blood urea nitrogen, chronic renal failure, cisplatin, GGT, glomerular filtration rate, goat, plasm creatinine

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Bakul Kumar Datta , Moloy Kumar Bhar , Pabitra Hriday Patra , Debasish Majumdar , Radha Raman Dey , Samar Sarkar , Tapan Kumar Mandal , Animesh Kumar Chakraborty

Abstract

A study was undertaken to evaluate an alternative source of arsenicosis in human food chain through livestock. Thirty milch cattle and 20 poultry birds along with their eggs were selected randomly from two endemic villages of Nadia district and one nonendemic villages of Hooghly district in West Bengal, India. Milk, feces, urine, and hair samples of cattle and feed materials, such as water and straw, were collected to analyze arsenic status. Arsenic concentration in egg yolk and albumen from poultry eggs and different poultry organs after culling was estimated. Distribution of arsenic in animal body indicates that major portion of arsenic was eliminated through feces, urine, and milk. Poultry egg yolk, albumen, and poultry products retain arsenic in all organs. Cows and poultry birds reared in endemic zone retain significantly higher concentration of arsenic. Consumption of egg, agricultural produces grown in contaminated soil, and milk might have produced arsenicosis and may be considered as alternative source of arsenic contamination.

Keywords

Arsenic, cattle, poultry, residue

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